Laravel is PHP framework. It is not programming language, nor script language for web coding, web design. Websites made in Laravel are in fact made in PHP. Laravel is just framework where coding is happening in.
Idea for Laravel came from Taylor Otwell and he released first version back in 2011. Before that, PHP websites were usualy made in CodeIgniter, and Laravel should be upgraded version of CodeIgniter, easier to use and with more functions.
It can be harder to make changes, update content on a website made with Laravel if you didn’t worked before in this framework. Of course, you need to know PHP, as well as HTML and CSS but also you will need to be familiar with Laravel surrounding, too.